Spiraling Out Of Control On Drugs

By Sarah Bainbridge

Has life spiraled out of control because of a drug problem? In either case, you're not alone. Addiction is a problem that many people face. If yes, you may feel isolated, helpless and ashamed. Or perhaps you're worried about a friend or family member's drug use.

There is good news for you or your loved one. You can get better. There is light at the end of the tunnel, no matter how terrible the substance abuse problem may seem and no matter how powerless you feel. Learning and understanding about the nature of the addiction, how it develops, what it looks like, and why it has such a powerful hold on an individual, will give you a better grasp of the problem and how to deal with it.

What people often underestimate is the complexity of drug addiction, that it is a disease that impacts the brain and because of that, breaking the addiction is not simply a matter of inner strength and willpower. Several people don't understand why individuals become addicted or how drugs change the brain to foster compulsive drug abuse.

People mistakenly view drug addiction and abuse as strictly a social problem and may characterize those who take drugs as morally weak. One common belief is that drug abusers should be able to just quit taking drugs if they are willing to change their behavior. However scientific advances have shown much more about how exactly drugs work in the brain, and we also know that drug addiction can be successfully treated, to help people stop abusing drugs and resume their normal productive lives.

Drugs are chemicals that tap into the brain's communication system and disrupt the way nerve cells normally send, receive, and process information. There are at least two ways that drugs are able to do this: (1) by imitating the brain's natural chemical messengers, and/or (2) by over stimulating the "reward circuit" of the brain.

Long-term abuse causes changes in other brain chemical systems and circuits as well. Glutamate is a neurotransmitter that influences the reward circuit and the ability to learn. When the optimal concentration of glutamate is altered by drug abuse, the brain attempts to compensate, which can impair cognitive function.

Drugs abuse facilitates unconscious learning, which leads to the user experiencing uncontrollable yearning when they see a place or person they associate with the drug experience, even when the drug itself is not available. Brain imaging studies of drug-addicted individuals show changes in areas of the brain that are critical to judgment, decision making, learning and memory and behavioral control. Together these changes can drive an drug user to seek out and take drugs compulsively despite adverse consequences, in other words, to become addicted to drugs. - 32543

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